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The AP.AP_SUPPLIERS table is a fundamental component of Oracle E-Business Suite (EBS) Release 12.1.1 and 12.2.2, specifically within the Accounts Payable (AP) module. This table serves as the central repository for supplier information, storing critical data required for procurement, payment processing, and vendor management. Below is a detailed analysis of its structure, purpose, and integration within Oracle EBS.

1. Purpose and Functional Role

The AP.AP_SUPPLIERS table is the primary entity for storing supplier master data in Oracle EBS. It captures essential details such as supplier names, addresses, tax identifiers, payment terms, and banking information. This table is integral to the Procure-to-Pay (P2P) lifecycle, enabling functionalities like:
  • Invoice Processing: Links invoices to supplier records for accurate payment processing.
  • Payment Execution: Stores bank account details for electronic or manual payments.
  • Tax Compliance: Maintains tax registration numbers (e.g., VAT, GST) for reporting.
  • Supplier Onboarding: Acts as the system of record for supplier creation and maintenance.

2. Key Columns and Data Structure

The table comprises over 100 columns, categorized into logical segments:
  • Supplier Identification: VENDOR_ID (primary key), VENDOR_NAME, VENDOR_NUMBER.
  • Contact Details: ADDRESS_LINES, CITY, COUNTRY, PHONE.
  • Financial Attributes: TERMS_ID (payment terms), BANK_ACCOUNT_NUM, TAX_REGISTRATION_NUM.
  • Control Flags: ENABLED_FLAG (active/inactive status), HOLD_FLAG (payment hold).

3. Integration with Other Modules

The AP.AP_SUPPLIERS table is tightly integrated across Oracle EBS:
  • Purchasing (PO): Supplier data is shared with PO_VENDORS for requisitions and purchase orders.
  • General Ledger (GL): Tax and payment details feed into financial reporting.
  • Cash Management (CE): Bank account details are used for payment reconciliation.
  • Tax Engine (ZX): Tax registration numbers are validated for compliance.

4. Technical Considerations

  • Indexing: Key columns like VENDOR_ID and VENDOR_NUMBER are indexed for performance.
  • API Support: Oracle provides PL/SQL APIs (AP_VENDOR_PKG) for programmatic access.
  • Audit Trails: Changes are logged in AP_SUPPLIERS_AUDIT for compliance.

5. Customization and Extensions

Organizations often extend the table via:
  • Descriptive Flexfields (DFFs): Add custom attributes (e.g., supplier categories).
  • Triggers/Workflow: Automate approvals or validations during supplier updates.

6. Data Security

Access is controlled via Oracle's Function Security, restricting users based on responsibilities (e.g., AP Clerk vs. Supplier Manager).

Conclusion

The AP.AP_SUPPLIERS table is a cornerstone of Oracle EBS's Accounts Payable module, ensuring accurate supplier management and seamless integration with procurement and financial processes. Its comprehensive design supports global compliance, operational efficiency, and scalability for enterprise needs.